Infecciones por neumococo

Abstract

S. pneumoniae infections are a major cause of infection in patients seen in primary care and emergency services. The main table associated with pneumococcal infection is pneumonia, the severity is highly variable, depending on the age of the patient, underlying diseases and the extent and complications thereof (bilateral, pleural effusion, empyema, shock, etc.). Other common but less serious cases are otitis and sinusitis, which very frequently affect children. Less frequently but conditioning can be observed high mortality tables meningitis, bacteremia and endocarditis. Microbiological diagnosis revolves around three pillars: Gram stain, culture of sterile fluids (blood, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal, joint, peritoneal.) and immunochromatography to determine the capsular polysaccharide C (urine and CSF). The treatment is based on amoxicillin or amoxicillin-clavulanic noninvasive pictures (otitis and sinusitis), third-generation cephalosporins associated with macrolides in the empiric treatment of community-acquired pneumonia; cephalosporins and vancomycin associated with meningeal tables (where there are high rates of resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins).