Infecciones bacterianas en la cirrosis

Abstract

Introduction and pathophysiologyCirrhotic patients present more severe and frequent bacterial infections than general population. The immune dysfunction and the intestinal barrier changes developed over the course of the cirrhosis are related to this fact. EpidemiologySpontaneous bacterial peritonitis and urinary tract infections are the most common, followed by pneumonia, cellulitis and bacteremia. Gram-negative gut bacteria are the most frequently involved, although in recent years the isolation of multidrug resistant bacteria has increased. Profilaxis, outcomes and treatmentPrevention, early identification and appropriate antibiotic treatment are essential to reduce the negative impact on survival for cirrhotic patients.