Abstract
Case L Patient J. H., a premature Caucasian female infant, was delivered at 32 weeks' gestation by Cesarean section. The infant's initial Apgar rating was 2 and vigorous resuscitative efforts were begun. Shortly after birth the infant developed respiratory distress; roentgenograms of the chest were typical of hyaline membrane disease. No flank masses were palpable, and there was no evidence of renal dysfunction. The infant's hospital course was later complicated by the development of hydrocephalus, staphylococcal ventriculitis, and septicemia. The infant died at 38 days of age. At autopsy the infant weighed 2,070 gm. Body measurements were as follows: crown-rump length 30 cm, rump-heel length 19 cm, and head circumference 33 cm. Examination of the cranial contents was not permitted. The thoracic and abdominal organs, with the exception of the lungs and kidneys, were grossly and microscopically normal. No evidence of fibrosis or cystic change was present in the liver. Interstitial fibrosis and organizing hyaline membranes were present in the lungs, but there was no cyst formation or hypoplasia. The combined weight of the kidneys was 30 gin; they were bilaterally symmetric and of normal contour (Fig. 1). Over the surfaces of both kidneys were numerous small cysts that varied in
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