Infant Tests as Predictors of Cognitive and Language Development at Two Years

Abstract

SIEGEL, LINDA S. Infant Tests as Predictors of Cognitive and Language Development at Two Years. CmILD DEVELOPMENT, 1981, 52, 545-557. The ability of infant tests to predict subsequent language and cognitive abilities and to detect infants at risk for developmental problems was assessed for 148 infants, 80 preterm (birth weight less than 1,501 grams) and 68 full-term infants. The Bayley and Uzgiris-Hunt scales-administered at 4, 8, 12, and 18 months-were significantly correlated with cognitive and language development at 2 years. Object relations items, the understanding of means-end relationships, and the Bayley PDI (Psychomotor Development Index) were predictive of language development. The infant tests, particularly the Bayley MDI (Mental Development Index) scores, were capable of detecting many of the infants at risk for developmental delay. Infants who were classified as being at risk in infancy but who were developing normally at 2 years came from families with significantly higher scores on the HOME (Caldwell Inventory of Home Stimulation) scale. Infants not detected as being at risk in infancy but who showed delayed development at 2 years came from families with lower HOME scores. Thus, more adequate environments may provide the infant with sufficient stimulation to attenuate developmental delay. Infant tests, in conjunction with assessments of the child's environment, appear to be useful in predicting developmental functioning and delay at 2 years.