Abstract
Background: Membranous nephropathy (MGN) is one of the most common glomerular disease seen among adults. However, it is a rare histological presentation in pediatric population. In contrast to MGN in adults where primary form is known to be the leading subtype of the disease, secondary cause is more prevailing in children. Case Presentation: We describe a case of an infant presenting with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and negative serology work-up. Kidney biopsy showed the picture of severe diffuse MGN confirmed by light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy studies. Full-house pattern by immunofluorescence, numerous well-demarcated sub-epithelial deposits and tubuloreticular inclusions strongly suggested type V lupus nephritis. Conclusions: NS due to MGN is rarely seen in infancy. Secondary causes such as autoimmune disease or systemic infection need to be considered for appropriate management.
Highlights
Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is characterized by a progressive renal disease with nephrotic syndrome (NS)
Case Presentation: We describe a case of an infant presenting with nephrotic syndrome (NS)
Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Membranous glomerulonephritis is uncommon in children and in contrast to adults, is commonly due to secondary causes
Summary
Membranous nephropathy (MGN) is one of the most common glomerular disease seen among adults. It is a rare histological presentation in pediatric population. Pattern by immunofluorescence, numerous well-demarcated sub-epithelial deposits and Keywords: Nephrotic syndrome tubuloreticular inclusions strongly suggested type V lupus nephritis. Conclusions: NS due to MGN is rarely seen in infancy Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Membranous glomerulonephritis is uncommon in children and in contrast to adults, is commonly due to secondary causes. Extensive investigations in children with membranous nephropathy (MGN) is necessary to rule out the underlying disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus or infections. Infant onset systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as nephrotic syndrome.
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