Infant motor development and physical activity and sedentary time at midlife.

Tuija Tammelin,Tuula Hurtig,Maisa Niemelä,Anna‐Kaisa Karppanen,Raija Korpelainen,Jouko Miettunen

doi:10.1111/sms.13954

Abstract

This study investigated whether the timing of infant motor development is associated with self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in midlife. This population-based study consisted of 4098 people born in 1966 in Northern Finland (NFBC 1966). Data on nine infant motor developmental milestones included making sounds, holding up the head, grabbing objects, turning from back to tummy, sitting without support, standing with support, walking with support, standing without support, and walking without support. At the age of 46, PA at leisure time and sitting time was self-reported. PA and ST were also measured with a wrist-worn Polar Active accelerometer that was instructed to be worn on the non-dominant hand 24h/d for 14days. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the association between infant motor development and PA and ST in midlife. Later infant motor development was weakly associated with higher accelerometer-measured light PA, but not with moderate-to-vigorous PA. Later infant locomotor development was associated with lower accelerometer-measured ST (β -0.07, p=0.012) and lower self-reported sitting time at work (β -0.06, p=0.004) in women. In conclusion, later infant motor development was associated with higher light PA and lower sedentary time at middle age. PA is a multifactorial behavior influenced by various factors from early childhood to midlife. Further research is required before more general conclusions can be drawn.

Highlights

IntroductionPhysical activity (PA) is one of the most important actions that people of all ages can engage in to improve their overall well-being. PA fosters normal growth and development; improves daily functioning, quality of life, and cognitive performance; and reduces the risk of many chronic diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that excessive time spent engaging in sedentary behaviors, defined as any waking behavior performed in a sitting or lying posture with an energy expenditure of 1.5 or less metabolic equivalents (METs), is a risk factor for premature mortality in all but the most physically active individuals who are active ≥1 h/d of moderate intensity PA.6It has been suggested that many patterns of PA involvement are established early in life and that the stability of PA is moderate to high along the life course from youth to adulthood. During the first year of life, infants develop rapidly and achieve several developmental milestones, for example, sitting without support, standing with assistance, walking with assistance, standing alone, and walking alone. children achieve particular milestones at a fairly wide range of ages, it is generally recognized that developmental milestones usually occur in a predictable sequence over time. The skills developed during these milestones form the foundation for fundamental motor skills and PA
Using the WHO windows of milestone achievement as reference,10 approximately 3% of the participants were unable to sit without support at 8 months, 0.3% were unable to walk without support at 18 months, and 0.1% experienced delayed achievement of walking with support and standing without support
This large population-based birth cohort study evaluated the association between the timing of infant motor development and both self-reported and accelerometer-measured Physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in midlife

Summary

Introduction

Physical activity (PA) is one of the most important actions that people of all ages can engage in to improve their overall well-being. PA fosters normal growth and development; improves daily functioning, quality of life, and cognitive performance; and reduces the risk of many chronic diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that excessive time spent engaging in sedentary behaviors, defined as any waking behavior performed in a sitting or lying posture with an energy expenditure of 1.5 or less metabolic equivalents (METs), is a risk factor for premature mortality in all but the most physically active individuals who are active ≥1 h/d of moderate intensity PA.6It has been suggested that many patterns of PA involvement are established early in life and that the stability of PA is moderate to high along the life course from youth to adulthood. During the first year of life, infants develop rapidly and achieve several developmental milestones, for example, sitting without support, standing with assistance, walking with assistance, standing alone, and walking alone. children achieve particular milestones at a fairly wide range of ages, it is generally recognized that developmental milestones usually occur in a predictable sequence over time. The skills developed during these milestones form the foundation for fundamental motor skills and PA.. Physical activity (PA) is one of the most important actions that people of all ages can engage in to improve their overall well-being.. PA fosters normal growth and development; improves daily functioning, quality of life, and cognitive performance; and reduces the risk of many chronic diseases.. Emerging evidence indicates that excessive time spent engaging in sedentary behaviors, defined as any waking behavior performed in a sitting or lying posture with an energy expenditure of 1.5 or less metabolic equivalents (METs), is a risk factor for premature mortality in all but the most physically active individuals who are active ≥1 h/d of moderate intensity PA.. During the first year of life, infants develop rapidly and achieve several developmental milestones, for example, sitting without support, standing with assistance, walking with assistance, standing alone, and walking alone..

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