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Abstract
IntroductionThe effect of infant nutrition on long-term cognition is important for parents and policy makers. However, most clinical trials typically have short follow-up periods, when measures of cognition are poorly...
Highlights
The effect of infant nutrition on long-term cognition is important for parents and policy makers
►► This study uses seven infant formula trials conducted in England to determine whether a range of nutritional interventions during infancy affects educational performance
Full details on the individual trial cohorts as well as previously reported outcomes can be found elsewhere. Outcome data for this follow-u p will be retrieved from the National Pupil Database (NPD), an administrative data resource containing pupil-level and school-level data on all pupils in state schools in England and held by the Department for Education.[9]
Summary
The effect of infant nutrition on long-term cognition is important for parents and policy makers. ►► This study uses seven infant formula trials conducted in England to determine whether a range of nutritional interventions during infancy affects educational performance. The majority of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) report only short- term effects of formula composition on proxy endpoints for cognition such as the Bayley Scales of Infant Development before 2 years of age.[1] Such early measures are crude, highly observer dependent and have poor predictive properties for later academic and employment outcomes.[1] Better measures such as IQ scores are available but limited by methodological issues such as small sample sizes, high attrition and no intention-to-treat analyses.[2 3].
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