Abstract
<p>The coverage rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia is still low despite its ability to affect a baby's health status and ability to survive. In 2017, only 35.73% of babies in Indonesia received exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months. This study aims to determine infant feeding practices and identify the factors that influence the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in Yogyakarta. This is a descriptive analysis study with a cross-sectional approach. The instruments that have been used in this study were the demographic data questionnaire, the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) questionnaire, and the Breastfeeding Self Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) questionnaire. A total of 421 mothers were involved in this study and the research was conducted between June 2019 to April 2020 in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Correlation data analysis was performed using chi-square and point biserial correlation and the multivariate analysis used logistic regression. Infant feeding practice was high with 82.4% of infants receiving exclusive breastfeeding. It was found that employment status, knowledge, mothers’ attitudes, and self-efficacy about breastfeeding have significant correlations with exclusive breastfeeding. Employment status, knowledge, mothers’ attitudes, and self-efficacy about breastfeeding are factors that can encourage exclusive breastfeeding. <strong></strong></p>
Highlights
The infant mortality rates in Yogyakarta Province were high and fluctuated between 2014 to 2017
Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the rate of exclusive breastfeeding reached 82.4% for all babies, where the rate of exclusive breastfeeding for babies aged less than 6 months was 82.3%, and for babies over 6 months was 83%
The high exclusively breastfed (EBF) achievement rate is similar to the results of a study by Morais et al (2017) in 11 cities in Brazil, which found that 81.7% of babies were breastfed for up to 6 months
Summary
The infant mortality rates in Yogyakarta Province were high and fluctuated between 2014 to 2017. Infant mortality rates between 2014 to 2017 were 405, 329, 278, and 313 deaths per 1,000 live births, consecutively. The highest number of infant deaths was in Bantul Regency (108 cases) and the lowest was in Yogyakarta City (33 cases) A baby’s health status, growth, and development can be influenced by the breastmilk feeding pattern provided to the baby at the beginning of life. Breastmilk is very useful for boosting the baby's immune system, reduces the risk of obesity, and optimizes brain development. Children who are breastfed tend to become smarter than children who were not breastfed (Indonesia Ministry of Health, 2016)
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