Inequalities involving gamma and digamma functions

Abstract

We prove: (A) Let \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage{bbm} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} $$\Delta _c (x) = \log \frac{{\Gamma (x + 1)}}{{\sqrt {2\pi } (x/e)^x }} - \frac{1}{2}\psi (x + c) (x > 0; c \geqq 0).$$ \end{document} (i) −Δc is completely monotonic on (0, ∞) if and only if c ≧ 2/3. (ii) Δc is completely monotonic on (0, ∞) if and only if c = 0. (B) The inequalities \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage{bbm} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} $$\frac{1}{2}\psi (x + a_0 ) < \log \frac{{\Gamma (x + 1)}}{{\sqrt {2\pi } (x/e)^x }} < \frac{1}{2}\psi (x + b_0 )$$ \end{document} hold for all x > 0 with the best possible constants a0 = 0.52660… and b0 = 2/3.