Abstract
The onset of the sintering of 5 nm ZrO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles is investigated by various methods including inelastic light scattering. A special attention is paid to low-frequency Raman spectra where scattering from confined acoustic vibrations and quasielastic scattering manifest. Significant changes are observed between samples sintered at different temperatures or applied forces. A detailed analysis of the spectra enables to follow the variation of the size of the nanoparticles, the surface area, and the formation of internanoparticles necks in the sintered materials. Finally, low-frequency scattering is shown to be more sensitive to the onset of sintering than most other experimental methods.
Highlights
Nanoparticles (NPs) attract a large attention because they can exhibit quite different properties compared to bulk materials.[1]
The Raman peaks originating from confined acoustic and optical phonons were shown to depend on the size of the NPs in agreement with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and small-angle Xray scattering (SAXS) measurements
This has been tentatively assigned to the appearance of coupled inter-NP vibrations due to the formation of necks between sintered NPs
Summary
Nanoparticles (NPs) attract a large attention because they can exhibit quite different properties compared to bulk materials.[1]. A good understanding of the sintering process at the NP level is required to finely tune the sintering conditions. For this reason, the sintering of various systems including metallic[2−6] and oxide[7−12] NPs has been studied in the past by a variety of experimental techniques. Significant changes in the low-frequency Raman spectra have been reported for annealed 3D supercrystals of NPs.[14,15] To the best of our knowledge, no works have considered monitoring sintering through the observation of acoustic vibrations (lowfrequency range). The goal of the present work is to focus on low-frequency inelastic light scattering in order to assess the suitability of this experimental approach for the study of sintered nanomaterials
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