Abstract
Industry 4.0 will certainly transform the manufacturing industry but it will also have an impact on the construction industry and its connected supply chains. However, construction faces different problems than manufacturing. Often construction projects are highly customized, containing a significant numbers of engineer-to-order (ETO) components. ETO construction supplier companies consistently consist of off-site and on-site production elements. On-site construction processes are prone to high variability and unpredictability. This uncertainty makes supply chain synchronization for maintaining construction progress difficult. As a result, construction supply chains are characterized by high levels of intermediate buffers and long lead-times. We propose a variety of Industry 4.0 concepts to ameliorate these problems. Initial applications are identified from previous works. Additionally, we present some case studies for some lessons learned from the collaboration with ETO-companies. Seven action points in various applications of Industry 4.0 in the construction supply chain provide a guide to managers.
Highlights
INDUSTRY 4.0 represents the fourth industrial revolution after the mechanization, electrification and computerization of production environments (Kagermann, et al, 2013)
Geographic Information System (GIS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) can jointly display the status of material throughout a supply chain and where in a building a INDUSTRY 4.0 FOSTERING CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: LESSONS LEARNED FROM ENGINEER-TO-ORDER SUPPLIERS
Construction sites are usually characterized by high variability and unpredictability
Summary
INDUSTRY 4.0 represents the fourth industrial revolution after the mechanization, electrification and computerization of production environments (Kagermann, et al, 2013). For ETO manufacturing companies in the construction industry orders are engineered, produced, and installed on-site according to specific customer requirements (Rauch et al, 2018). Demand-oriented production and delivery of components is a key to avoiding the following problems: 1) late deliveries that cause construction interruptions due to missing material; and 2) early deliveries requiring onsite component storage, which increases risk of component damage and costs. Web services technology that enables CSC partners to retrieve up-to-date information about the supply chain process (for example, delivery of materials) to avoid delays and re-work exists. GIS and BIM can jointly display the status of material throughout a supply chain and where in a building a INDUSTRY 4.0 FOSTERING CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: LESSONS LEARNED FROM ENGINEER-TO-ORDER SUPPLIERS material is used Both Industry 4.0 concepts can provide warning signals for late deliveries. RFID technology allows gathering information about the CSC process in real time allowing for rapid response to unpredictable events
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