Industry 4.0 and Its Implications on Human Resource Management Practices: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract

The integration of digital technology into diverse industries and service sectors is revolutionizing workplaces and reshaping human resource practices. The incorporation of cutting-edge technologies associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, commonly known as Industry 4.0, is redefining the dynamics of work, learning, leadership, management, recruitment, and interpersonal interactions. This paper aims to provide an in-depth understanding of Industry 4.0 and its implications on human resource management (HRM), promoting directions for HRM professionals and academics to confront the challenges associated with Industry 4.0. The study utilized a methodology of bibliometrics analysis including network analysis, co-citation network, historiography, cluster analysis, three-field analysis, thematic map, and content analysis (CA) to analyze 269 documents from the Scopus database to identify hitherto research on this topic of HRM and industry 4.0. Additionally, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to propose future research directions in industry 4.0 and HRM practices. The findings suggest that the focus of research in this field is on the impact of Industry 4.0 on various HRM functions such as recruitment, selection, orientation, training and development, performance analysis, and compensation management for human capital acquisition, nurturing, and retention. The study offers managerial insights for organizations to navigate the evolving landscape and leverage digital technology for enhanced HR functions, thereby effectively managing their workforce.