Abstract
In advanced societies all aspects of commerce and industry are now based on networked IT systems. Failures of these systems have the potential to be extremely disruptive. The term Critical Infrastructure (CI) is used to define systems (private and public) considered vital to national interests whose interruption would have a debilitating effect on society. It is recognized cyber security threats to CIs range from malicious to state sponsored. The threats are typically continuous and evolving in sophistication. This paper is primarily focused on Process Control Networks (PCNs). PCNs are used as the basis of industrial process control in a wide range of applications (manufacturing, oil and gas, water etc.). Given the importance of this industrial sector there are a range of guidelines considered to be exemplars of best practice. However given the constantly evolving sophistication of hackers the true measure of security is penetration testing – not something that is practical in industrial systems.
Highlights
1.1 Critical InfrastructureModern society is dependent on systems called Critical Infrastructure
The results suggested a security climate that was lagging behind other industries (Eric K., 2011)
One of the main problems with Cyber Security is that the threats are constantly evolving in frequency and sophistication ( Artur A., 2014)
Summary
1.1 Critical InfrastructureModern society is dependent on systems called Critical Infrastructure. There are several definitions of CI such as “systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on the security, national economic security, national health or safety, or any combination of those matters.(DCSINT H., 2006)”. Critical infrastructure refers to processes, systems, facilities, technologies, networks, assets and services essential to the health, safety, security or economic well-being of Canadians and the effective functioning of government ( Government C, 2015). Physical protection becomes an even more difficult task when one considers that 85% of the nation’s critical infrastructures are not federally owned. Proper protection of physical assets requires cooperation between all levels of the government and within the private sector
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