Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania major and transferred to humans by infected phlebotomine sand flies. Cutaneous leishmaniasis manifests in lesion formation of the infected skin and poses a severe health burden with 1 million cases reported in the past 5 years. In healthy individuals and murine experimental leishmaniasis of resistant C57BL/6 mice, the cutaneous disease can be controlled through T helper (Th)1‒ and/or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte‒mediated immune responses that are characterized by IFN-γ–driven macrophage activation and parasite killing, which induces live-long memory and protection.
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