Abstract
Oral carcinoma (OC) remains one of the most difficult malignancies to cure. selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral for human and animals, but high concentrations of Se induce apoptosis and oxidative effects. Although cell apoptosis has been evidenced as a critical mechanism mediating the anticancer activity of Se, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. To explore the role of Se in rat OC, we examined the weather the oxidative stress-mediated apoptotic pathway induced by Se was involved in the development of OC. In this study, we successfully constructed the OC rat model by 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) exposure which reflected from histopathological observations. Se-induced the productions of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was accompanied by the inhibition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) both in vivo and vitro. The anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) was down-regulated and pro-apoptosis members (Bax, Bak, Cyt-c, caspase9 and caspase3) were up-regulated by Se in OC cells. Meanwhile, we also found that Se could strongly inhibited the cell proliferation of OC lines in vitro. These results suggested that excessive Se could effectively cause oxidative stress and induce apoptosis in OC cells, as a result the OC was also inhibited to some extent. Therefore, the information presented in this study is believed to be helpful in supplementing data for further therapy of OC.
Highlights
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide
To explored the possible role of caspases in Oral carcinomas (OC) cell apoptosis induced by Se, we examined the involvement of these molecules in the apoptosis of the rat OC cells induced by Se
To examine the effects of Se on redox state in OC tissues, we detected the activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD and GSH-Px) and the contents of oxidative productions (MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS))
Summary
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Five percent of all cancer occur in the head and neck, and approximately half of those occur in the oral cavity [1]. Oral carcinomas (OC) are the world’s eleventh most common form of human neoplasm and account for 3% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases [2,3,4]. Tongue cancer is the most common oral cavity neoplasm with an unfavorable prognosis and high metastatic potential [6]. Patients with premalignant lesions and early stage cancers have a high rate of survival, but the vast majority of Stages III and IV cases are fatal [7]. The study of oral cancer has become the focus of the majority of scholars
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