Induction of labor in late FGR.

Abstract

Late-onset FGR is a peculiar condition characterized by the inability for the fetus to reach its growth potential diagnosed from 32 weeks of gestation. Placental insufficiency is among the leading causes of late FGR and is commonly due to a primary maternal cardiovascular non-adaptation potentially leading to fetal decompensation during labor especially once exposed to uterine hyperstimulation. Abnormalities that usually characterize late FGR include reduced fetal growth, decreased Amniotic Fluid Index, and loss of fetal heart rate variability at CTG. Fetal hemodynamics study by Doppler ultrasound significantly improved management of pregnancies affected by fetal growth restriction. A major issue when dealing with pregnancies complicated by late FGR is how to induce these women. Induction of labor (IOL) can be essentially accomplished by pharmacological and non-pharmacological agents. Recent studies suggested that the pregnancies complicated by late FGR should undergo a tailored approach for IOL in view of the higher risk of fetal decompensation following uterine hyperstimulation. The present review aims to provide an up to date on the different types of IOL which can guide clinical management.