Induction of Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis on Embryonic Axis of TRI2025 Tea Clone

Ratna D Eskundari,Yekti A Purwestri,Taryono Taryono,Didik Indradewa

doi:10.5539/jas.v10n10p224

Abstract

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is classified as cross-pollinated crop and vegetative multiplication becomes commercially the main method of propagation with some limitations such as high heterogeneity and poor in survival rate and also in rooting. A proven tissue culture method, somatic embryogenesis, is the only challenging way to meet the needs of tea seedlings in large quantities. The study was conducted with TRI2025 tea clone selected from Polyclonal garden of PT. Pagilaran (Batang, Central Java). The explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with four concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 1, 2, and 5 mg L-1) in two incubation conditions; dark and light. The results showed the only concentration of 2,4-D that can induce somatic embryo was 2 mg L-1 2,4-D in light condition and its percentage was about 5%. Other concentrations of 2,4-D that given for treatments both in two conditions will not induce somatic embryo. This study needs more improvements for getting powerful and efficient of method to get somatic embryo-derived plant and also for futher successful genetic engineering of tea biotechnology.

Highlights

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is classified as self-incompatible characteristic of crops (Chen et al, 2012), its propagation using seeds is not desirable because seed derived progenies showed heterogenity (Mondal, Bhattacharya, & Ahuja, 2001)
Ghanati and Iskha (2009) reported the successful of indirectly induction somatic embryogenesis from leaf tea using modified B5 media supplemented with absisic acids (ABA) and BA but without shoot formation, while Seran et al, (2006) was successful indirectly induced somatic embryo of about 8.3% from the same explants using MS media supplemented with BAP and NAA
Somatic embryogenesis of explant was observed on MS media supplemented with 2 mg L-1 2,4-D incubated in light condition (Figure 3E; yellow circle)

Summary

Introduction

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) is classified as self-incompatible characteristic of crops (Chen et al, 2012), its propagation using seeds is not desirable because seed derived progenies showed heterogenity (Mondal, Bhattacharya, & Ahuja, 2001). Ghanati and Iskha (2009) reported the successful of indirectly induction somatic embryogenesis from leaf tea using modified B5 media supplemented with ABA and BA but without shoot formation, while Seran et al, (2006) was successful indirectly induced somatic embryo of about 8.3% from the same explants using MS media supplemented with BAP and NAA. Aseptic techniques of culture media preparations, selection of explants, and proper use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in standardization of tissue culture protocol are the key factors in achieving successful somatic embryogenesis. We chose embryonic axis for explants source; in line with Seran et al (2006) that stated it derived from meristematic tissue so that the possibility of somatic embryo production will be high. The present investigation is the first report of somatic embryo from TRI2025 using embryonic axis and with induction of 2,4-D

Plant Materials

Statistical Analysis

Results and Discussion

Conclusion