Abstract
Liver neoplasms were induced in two species of viviparous fishes, Poeciliopsis lucida and P. monacha, by repeated short-term exposures to an aqueous suspension of 5 ppm 7,12-dimethylbenz[ a]anthracene (DMBA). Predominantly hepatocellular neoplasms developed in 47 out of 106 fish surviving the period allowed for tumor development, 6–9 months after initial exposure to DMBA. The use of short-term exposure periods of 6 hr in young fish and up to 20 hr in adults reduced stress and mortalities caused by the toxicity of DMBA at 5 ppm. A lower concentration of DMBA, 0.25 ppm, failed to induce tumors in any of the surviving 230 of 295 young fish administered repeated 20-hr exposures. This study shows for the first time that DMBA is carcinogenic to fish.
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