Induction of genotoxicity after subchronic treatment with 4-nonylphenol in blood cells from gill and kidney and restoration of DNA integrity after recovery by Channa punctatus

Abstract

The aim of present study was to assess the genotoxic effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds 4-nonylphenol (NP) on Channa punctatus after sub chronic exposure. Blood cells from gill and kidney were used for the study and micronucleated cell (MNC) and aberrant cell (AC) frequencies were used as biological indicators. The exposure was given to C. punctatus for 90 days, and the effect was seen after 30, 60, and 90 days of exposure. Three sublethal concentrations were decided after calculating the safe application rate. Exposure resulted in increased frequency of MNC and AC in both the tissues. Gill tissue was found to be more sensitive to 4-nonylphenol exposure. Highest MNC and AC frequency was found at 90 days of exposure in gill tissue and the values were 4.45±0.28 and 63.71±0.84 respectively. After exposure for 90 days, post-30 days recovery was also studied and we found a significant reduction (p?0.01) in the values of both the parameters showing a great capacity of C. punctatus to restore its DNA integrity.