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Abstract
The toxicity of dental composites has been attributed to the release of residual monomers from polymerized resin-based composites due to degradation processes or incomplete polymerization. Some of these eluted substances have a genotoxic potential. We tested the hypothesis that realistic concentrations (and/or worst case concentrations/situations) of bisphenol-A-glycidyldimethacrylate (BisGMA), triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) found in elution experiments can cause DNA strand breaks in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Such DNA damage was compared with that resulting from ionizing radiation coming from natural sources, dental radiography or tumor therapy. TEGDMA, HEMA and MMA did not induce DNA strand breaks at concentrations of up to 10mM. About 24h after incubation with 0.25mM BisGMA, significantly more DNA strand breaks were found in HGF compared to controls. DNA strand breaks caused by 0.25mM BisGMA, correspond to DNA strand breakage caused by irradiation with 4Gy, only used in the high single-dose irradiation tumor therapy. But 0.25mM BisGMA is more than 100-fold higher than that concentration found in worst case calculations. Therefore, our data did not support our hypothesis.
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