Abstract
Guava is an important edible and economic fruit crop distributed worldwide. It is widely infested with root knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii which plays a vital role in causing economic losses. Several management strategies were performed to enhance the health status of guava and also to reduce root knot nematode infestation. Among the different aspects, application of plant growth regulators on guava plants under nursery conditions against root knot nematode, M. enterolobii was performed. The guava plants were treated with Salicylic acid (100 ppm), Jasmonic acid (100 ppm), and Indole 3-Butyric Acid (1000 ppm) alone and in combination of two and three. The result of this study revealed that IBA at 1,000 ppm alone (T3) and combined application of plant growth regulators viz., (T4) – Salicylic acid (100 ppm) + Jasmonic acid (100 ppm) + Indole 3-Butyric Acid (1,000 ppm) showed reduction in the nematode population and establishment of new roots (compensatory) and tertiary roots. The combined application of PGRs also increased the Plant height, root length, chlorophyll index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll fluorescence. The activity of various enzymes like total phenols, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, acid phosphatase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase were influenced and developed resistance against root knot nematode, M. enterolobii. Under field conditions, application of Pochonia chlamydosporia and Purpureocilium lilacinum reduced the nematode infestation besides increasing the yield attributes of guava plants.
Highlights
Time of one to two years (Ashokkumar and Poornima, 2019)
The effect of plant growth regulators on the growth of guava seedlings inoculated with root knot nematode, M. enterolobii was investigated under greenhouse conditions with three replications for each treatment
The Lucknow 49 Guava seedlings were treated with plant growth regulators viz., Salicylic acid, Jasmonic
Summary
Time of one to two years (Ashokkumar and Poornima, 2019). Root-knot nematode infestation at Ayakudi and surrounding villages of Dindigul district which are the major Guava growing area in Tamil Nadu was reported by Poornima et al (2016) for the first time and the nematode was confirmed to be Meloidogyne enterolobii through morphological and molecular means. The optimal temperature for growth and development of M. enterolobii was 28°C which coincides with the temperature of most of the regions of Tropical Countries especially India and leading to high infestation (Ashokkumar et al, 2019). Various approaches such as physical, cultural, chemical, and biological practices have been used to manage the incidence of root-knot nematode. 1,000 ppm of 1 litre Indole 3 Butyric acid solution was prepared by weighing 1g of crystalline Indole 3 Butyric acid and dissolved in 20 milliliters of alcohol. 0.5g of solid Mepiquat chloride was weighed and dissolved in 1,000ml of water to prepare 1 litre of 500 ppm Mepiquat chloride solution
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