Abstract
Infection of 16-hour-old chicken embryos with mumps virus produced an initial decrease of both plasma IgM and IgG in poults with delayed maturation of normal IgG synthesis. Despite hypogammaglobulinemia, specific antiviral neutralizing antibody first appeared one week after disappearance of virus from 7-day-old hatchling chicks. Intramuscular inoculation of 19-day-old chicks with heterologous erythrocytes elicited significantly (P<.01) lower titers of agglutinins in embryonically-infected birds with a delay in transition of 19S to 7S antibody. Secondary antibody surge in experimental birds was also significantly (P<.02) less than controls with continued predominance of 19S antibody. Induction of cell-mediated immunity by footpad inoculation of 46-day-old birds with diphtheria-tetanus toxoid in complete Freund's adjuvant failed to discern suppression of T-cell function in previously infected chicks. Virus, detected in high titer throughout embryonic development, declined in the bursa of Fabricius prior to hatch. Although bursae of infected 7-day-old birds contained a slightly greater population of IgM-producing lymphoid cells than controls, distribution of IgG in bursae of experimental chicks was strikingly reduced. Consistent with persistent embryonic infection and altered bursal function, IgM alone was observed in spleens of infected chicks only.
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