Abstract
Polyalthia bullata is an endangered medicinal plant species. Hence, establishment of P. bullata callus culture is hoped to assist in mass production of secondary metabolites. Leaf and midrib were explants for callus induction. Both of them were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) containing different types and concentrations of auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), picloram, and dicamba). The callus produced was further multiplied on MS and WPM supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D, NAA, picloram, dicamba, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) media. The quantification of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant capacity was further carried out on P. bullata callus, and the results were subjected to correlation analysis. Among the media, the WPM + 16.56 µM picloram (53.33 ± 22.06%) was the best for callus induction while MS + 30 µM dicamba was the best for callus multiplication. The TPC, TFC, and EC50 of DPPH scavenging activity were determined at 0.657 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g FW, 0.491 ± 0.03 mg QE/g, and 85.59 ± 6.09 µg/mL in P. bullata callus, respectively. The positive correlation between DPPH scavenging activity with TPC was determined at r = 0.869, and that of TFC was at r = 0.904. Hence, the P. bullata callus has an ability to accumulate antioxidants. It therefore can be a medium for secondary metabolites production.
Highlights
Polyalthia bullata is a medicinal plant that belongs to the genus Polyalthia and family Annonaceae.It is a shrub species that has a single stem with thin branches covered with golden hairs as described by Global Information Hub on Integrated Medicine (GlobinMed) [1]
A negative response was observed on callus that was cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media without auxins (MSO) and MS supplemented with different concentrations of dicamba under light and dark conditions
The use of woody plant medium (WPM) with different concentrations and types of auxins showed that dicamba was not the best auxin to induce calluses from all P. bullata explants (Table 2)
Summary
It is a shrub species that has a single stem with thin branches covered with golden hairs as described by Global Information Hub on Integrated Medicine (GlobinMed) [1]. Plants 2020, 9, 1772 asthma, diabetes, waist pain, skin problems, high blood pressure, diabetes, and liver disease [5,6,7]. These medicinal potentials have led to massive exploitation of this plant from wild habitats, which can later lead to species extinction. The in vitro propagation technique has been proven to be one of the most powerful tools to mass produce and accelerate production of medicinal plants, food crops, and ornamental plants [8]
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