Abstract
Tetraploidy was successfully induced in mulberry cultivar RFS-135 (male), with 0.3 and 0.4% colchicine applied to sprouting buds for 6 and 8 hours for three consecutive days. The tetraploids are characterized by stunted growth, large, thick, coarse and dark green leaves, elongated and broad petiole and long inflorescences. Considerable increase in respect of stomatal chloroplast, weight and water content of leaves and pollen diameter and reduction in frequency of stomata per unit area, number of primary branches and internodal distance have been recorded. Meiosis is irregular. Various types of chromosomal associations, presence of univalents, unequal distribution and precocious movement of chromosomes, laggards, bridges at metaphase I and II, cytomixis at metaphase I and at dyad stage and varying number of microspores have been frequently observed in the PMCs. The reduced pollen fertility has been attributed to the loss of chromatin material due to meiotic abnormalities and multivalent associations.
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