Induced membrane technique with sequential internal fixation: use of a reinforced spacer for reconstruction of infected bone defects.

Abstract

To evaluate a novel sequential internal fixation strategy using a reinforced spacer for infected bone defect reconstruction by the induced membrane technique (IMT). A retrospective case study was performed among patients treated for infected bone defects by applying this strategy. Following radical debridement, temporary stabilization was provided by a massive cement spacer combined with minimal intramedullary fixation during step 1. Definitive internal fixation was performed together with bone grafting at step 2. Eight patients with a mean age of 58 years were reviewed. The mean bone defect length was 8.8 cm. The spacer armature mostly consisted of elastic nails and Steinmann pins. Iterative debridement was required in one case after step 1. The mean interval between steps was 12 weeks. Definitive internal fixation was performed by intramedullary nailing (n = 4) or plating (n = 4). At a mean follow-up of 21 months, bone union was achieved in seven cases without additional bone grafting or infection recurrence. Sequential internal fixation using a reinforced cement spacer seems to be a valuable option for avoiding external fixation between IMT steps and limiting the recurrence of infection.