Induced Activity Calculations in View of the Large Electron Positron Collider Decommissioning

Abstract

The future installation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the tunnel presently housing the Large Electron Positron collider (LEP) requires the dismantling of the latter after more than 10 years of operation. The decommissioning of an accelerator facility leads to the production of large amounts of waste, which in the case of an electron accelerator mostly is of very low level of radioactivity. LEP is classified as Nuclear Basic Installation (Installation Nucleaire de Base, INB) in France, where no unconditional clearance levels are fixed for the specific activity in materials to be released into the public domain. In the case of LEP, the possible sources of induced activity taken here into account are: localized beam losses, distributed beam losses and synchrotron radiation. Reference values of induced specific activity at saturation, normalized to lost beam power, were determined by comparing Monte-Carlo calculations carried out with the FLUKA code and experimental results. These figures are directly employed to estimate the expected amount of low level radioactivity around localized beam loss points in LEP. Regarding the synchrotron radiation, calculations of the total production of radionuclides from photon, thermal neutron and fast neutron activation in the aluminum vacuum chamber, the lead shielding and the magnet pole-faces of a dipole, showed that at beam energies less than 105 GeV, none of the components will be considered as radioactive for decay periods of longer then ten days.