Abstract

Whereas outdoor navigation systems typically rely upon GPS, indoor systems have to rely upon dierent techniques for localizing the user, as GPS signals cannot be received indoors. Over the past decade various indoor navigation systems have been developed. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of existing indoor navigation systems and analyzes the dierent techniques used for: (1) locating the user; (2) planning a path; (3) representing the environment; and (4) interacting with the user. Our survey identies a number of research issues that could facilitate large scale deployment of indoor navigation systems.

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