Abstract
In this study, the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in air conditioned residential buildings in a dry desert climate is examined from the perspective of occupants via two aspects: thermal comfort and indoor air quality. The study presents statistical data about the domestic-occupant thermal comfort sensations together with data describing the indoor air quality in Kuwaiti residential buildings. With respect to the latter, the overall IEQ acceptance using two measurements namely: physical measurements and subjective information collected via questionnaires, was used to evaluate 111 occupants living in twenty five air-conditioned residential buildings in the state of Kuwait. The operative temperature based on Actual Mean Vote (AMV) and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) was identified using linear regression analysis of responses on the ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale and was found to be 25.2°C and 23.3°C, respectively, in the summer season. Indoor air quality (IAQ) with respect to carbon dioxide concentration level was compared with the acceptable limits of international standards, i.e. ASHRAE Standard 62.1 [1]. The proposed overall IEQ acceptance findings in residential buildings show CO2 concentration level between 909 and 1250 ppm. However, this may be considered a higher level of CO2 concentration, which may require increasing ventilation rate through window operation or mechanical ventilation.
Highlights
The operative temperature based on Actual Mean Vote (AMV) and Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) was identified using linear regression analysis of responses on the ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale and was found to be 25.2 ̊C and 23.3 ̊C, respectively, in the summer season
Such temperatures can differ considerably from the values adopted by national energy codes, which in turn can impact upon space energy consumption in buildings with air conditioning systems, such as Kuwaiti residential buildings
Investigation of indoor thermal comfort and Indoor air quality (IAQ) in buildings for countries located in dry desert climates is limited, some studies can be mentioned for thermal comfort studies, as in [1] and [10]
Summary
Investigation of indoor thermal comfort and IAQ in buildings for countries located in dry desert climates is limited, some studies can be mentioned for thermal comfort studies, as in [1] and [10] Their results indicated that the Actual Mean Vote (AMV) of the occupants in air-conditioned buildings is greater than that of PMV. Most buildings in a desert climate like that of the state of Kuwait, where people spend most of their time (80% - 90%), are tightly enclosed spaces avoiding outdoor conditions Such a situation, with poorly ventilated and tight buildings, increases the problems dealing with indoor air quality (IAQ), which can have significant health effects as well as dissatisfaction on the occupants’ thermal comfort sensation. This will provide significant information that can assist future policy aimed at enhancing IEQ and energy conservation, which may contribute to reducing carbon emissions
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