Abstract
Smart cities follow different strategies to face public health challenges associated with socio-economic objectives. Buildings play a crucial role in smart cities and are closely related to people’s health. Moreover, they are equally essential to meet sustainable objectives. People spend most of their time indoors. Therefore, indoor air quality has a critical impact on health and well-being. With the increasing population of elders, ambient-assisted living systems are required to promote occupational health and well-being. Furthermore, living environments must incorporate monitoring systems to detect unfavorable indoor quality scenarios in useful time. This paper reviews the current state of the art on indoor air quality monitoring systems based on Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks in the last five years (2014–2019). This document focuses on the architecture, microcontrollers, connectivity, and sensors used by these systems. The main contribution is to synthesize the existing body of knowledge and identify common threads and gaps that open up new significant and challenging future research directions. The results show that 57% of the indoor air quality monitoring systems are based on Arduino, 53% of the systems use Internet of Things, and WSN architectures represent 33%. The CO2 and PM monitoring sensors are the most monitored parameters in the analyzed literature, corresponding to 67% and 29%, respectively.
Highlights
The concept of Internet of Things can be better defined as the ubiquitous presence of cyber-physical systems with advanced communication and sensing capabilities [1]
It is crucial to emphasize that Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) monitoring is a trending topic, and numerous researchers are working in this direction to design open-source, low-cost, and efficient monitoring systems
Most IAQ monitoring systems are based on Arduino (57%), followed by ESP8266 (29%)
Summary
The concept of Internet of Things can be better defined as the ubiquitous presence of cyber-physical systems with advanced communication and sensing capabilities [1]. Ambient-Assisted Living is known as a multidisciplinary field that helps to enhance the overall quality of life for individuals, especially for older adults This field is closely associated with the ecosystem of new-age technologies that promote personal healthcare monitoring with ubiquitous computing [2,3]. Enhanced Living Environments focus on numerous Information and Communications Technologies-powered solutions designed with unique algorithms, systems, and platforms [6]. Enhanced Living Environments make use of advancements in the field of the Internet of Things to present Information and Communications Technologies-based solutions for enhanced health and overall well-being [8]. On the other hand, Enhanced Living Environments make use of medical sensors, wireless communication technologies, microcontrollers, and open-source software platforms for data analytics and visualization in advanced healthcare systems.
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