Abstract
<p>This article discusses the Indonesian relations with Eastern Europe Communist states, Soviet Union and China Communists before 1965 and how the systemic and domestic factors influenced Indonesian decision. Indonesian foreign relation was closer to communist state after President Sukarno’s official visits to Moscow and Beijing in 1956. Why President Sukarno foreign relations closer to communist states? What was the international political situation that influenced Sukarno to lean to East bloc? What was the domestic situation that influenced Sukarno to do so? Why Indonesian closer relation with the communist not began earlier than 1956? Among the main discussions in this article are: the Indonesian-Soviet Union relations, Indonesian-China relations, Communist ideology and Indonesian relations with Eastern European Communists states. Indonesian relations with Communists state changed dramatically after the Indonesian Coup of September 1965 and the collapsed of President Sukarno and the formation of “new order” regime under Suharto in Indonesia. The changes of domestic politics in Indonesia after September 1965 strongly influenced the Indonesian relations with the Communists states.</p>
Highlights
This article discusses the Indonesian relations with Eastern Europe Communist states, Soviet Union and China Communists before 1965 and how the systemic and domestic factors influenced Indonesian decision towards the communist states
Indonesian foreign relations were closer to communist state since in the middle of 1950s, especially after President Sukarno’s official visits to Moscow and Beijing in 1956
Why President Sukarno foreign relations closer to the communist states? What was the international political situation that influenced Sukarno to lean to East bloc? What was the domestic situation that influenced Sukarno to do so? Why Indonesian closer relations with the communist not began earlier than the mid-1950s? Among the main discussions in this article are: the Indonesian-Soviet Union relations, Indonesian-China relations, Communist ideology and Indonesian relations with Eastern Europe Communists states
Summary
This article discusses the Indonesian relations with Eastern Europe Communist states, Soviet Union and China Communists before 1965 and how the systemic and domestic factors influenced Indonesian decision towards the communist states. The changes of domestic politics in Indonesia after Indonesian Coup of 30th September 1965 from “Old Order” under President Sukarno to “new order” under President Suharto played greater role in influencing the Indonesian relations with Communists state. The PKI support to the Sukarno’s national policies were important for the Indonesian Communists Party to attract Sukarno to be closer to them. The Indonesian foreign policy and relations towards the communist countries changed when the PKI influence and its position in Indonesian politics was destroyed after the Indonesian Coup in 1965 The “new order” government under President Suharto changed the Indonesian foreign policy directionfrom pro-communists to anti-communists. The formation of pro-West and anti-communists regional Association (The Association of South East Asian Nations, ASEAN) on 8 August 1967 was closely related with the changes of domestic politics in Indonesia. The political development in the Indonesian domestic level and regional anti-communists cooperation influenced the changes of Indonesian policy towards communist States after 1965
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