Abstract
Alkaloid profiles in skin of poison frogs/toads (Dendrobatidae, Mantellidae, Bufonidae, and Myobatrachidae) are highly dependent on diet and hence on the nature of habitat. Extracts of the two species of toads ( Melanophryniscus klappenbachi and Melanophryniscus cupreuscapularis) from similar habitats in the Corrientes/Chaco Provinces of Argentina have similar profiles of alkaloids, which differ considerably in profiles from other Melanophryniscus species from Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. Structures of two major alkaloids 239Q ( 1) and 275I ( 2) were determined by mass, FTIR, and NMR spectral analysis as 5 Z,9 Z-3 -(1-hydroxybutyl)-5-propylindolizidine and 6 Z,10 E-4,6-di(pent-4-enyl) quinolizidine, respectively. A third alkaloid, 249F ( 3), is postulated to be a homopumiliotoxin with an unprecedented conjugated exocyclic diene moiety.
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