Abstract
Abstract Previous research into so‐called structural or contextual effects has often produced contradictory findings, or results whose meaning can be questioned because of (1) a failure to control for compositional differences between groups or (2) a failure to identify what the structural effect precisely is (the black‐box problem). This analysis not only avoids the compositional fallacy but also identifies a specific aspect of a context: the overall socio‐economic status of a neighbourhood. National data on voting in Australia show that even after the socio‐economic characteristics of the respondent have been taken into account, the overall status of the neighbourhood in which he lives has a significant additional effect on how he votes in national elections. Although this effect is not large in absolute terms, it is as large as several individual characteristics of the respondent, considered singly. However, for purposes of predicting how a man votes, its omission does not lead to serious errors. The l...
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