Abstract
Aim:This study aimed to analyze the individual factors influencing the sperm quality of Bali bulls at Baturiti Artificial Insemination (AI) center.Materials and Methods:Semen that was ejaculated from nine Bali bulls was collected using artificial vaginas (n=5/bull). Semen ejaculates were evaluated immediately after collection to measure the quality of the fresh semen, including semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, membrane integrity (MI), and abnormal morphology. Frozen semen was evaluated for progressive sperm motility, concentration, viability, MI, abnormal morphology, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation. Other secondary data, focusing on semen quantity (semen volume and sperm concentration), were also collected from frozen the semen production data of the Baturiti AI center from 2017 to 2019. Data were analyzed statistically using a completely randomized design, and one-way analysis of variance was applied to find differences among individual bulls.Results:Significant differences (p<0.05) were found among the bulls in semen volume, sperm motility, concentration, and MI of the fresh semen. Significant differences (p<0.05) were also found among the bulls in sperm motility, viability, MI, abnormal morphology, and DNA fragmentation of the frozen semen.Conclusion:Individual variation in all the tested sperm parameters of the fresh semen of Bali bulls, except sperm viability and abnormalities, was noted. Similarly, individual variation in all the tested sperm parameters in frozen semen, except sperm concentration, was noted. Therefore, individual factors can be used for selecting a superior bull in Bali cattle.
Highlights
Bali cattle are a native Indonesian breed that has many advantages over other cattle
Individual variation was found in semen volume (6.32±0.07 mL), sperm motility (89.62%±0.51%), sperm concentration (1164.81±9.10×106/mL), and plasma membrane integrity (MI) (81.54%±0.54%) of the fresh semen of the nine Bali bulls (Table-1)
The highest semen volume was found for Bulbakanta (8.50 mL) and Busada Merta (8.12 mL), moderate semen volume was found for Buwana Merta, Mertasari, Bangkardi, and Bugamanta (5.30-7.40 mL), and Blandar and Budaparta showed the lowest semen volume (4.56 and 4.63 mL)
Summary
Bali cattle are a native Indonesian breed that has many advantages over other cattle. They to adapt to various types of feed, environmental conditions, and extreme climate changes, and they have good reproductive efficiency [1]. The reproductive performance of bulls can be assessed from their semen quality. The quality of semen is influenced by various factors, including environmental factors such as the season [7,8,9], relative humidity [10], temperature [7], feed [11], and genetic factors [12]. Research regarding the influence of individual factors on the quality of semen has been widely reported for Copyright: Indriastuti, et al Open Access. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
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