Abstract
Research has shown that knowledge about the determinants of childhood mortality at the individual level is not enough to address the problem because the characteristics of the environment where a child is born tend to alter individual level characteristics and thereby affect child survival. The study used data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The fact that a child was either dead or alive was assumed to be accurately recorded. Hence, logistic regression model was used to model whether a child is dead or alive with respect to the selected predictor variables. Results from the study reveal that infant and child mortality in Nigeria is determined more by individual household than by community, and that geographical variations also exist. This study has identified significant risk factors that will help policy makers to formulate policies that will improve childhood survival.
Highlights
Infant mortality is the deaths of young children, most especially those who are less than one year of age (Kayode et al, 2012)
Research has shown that knowledge about the determinants of childhood mortality at the individual level is not enough to address the problem because the characteristics of the environment where a child is born tend to alter individual level characteristics and thereby affect child survival
At child-level, infant and child mortality was highest among children with multiple birth, male children, children who were of the 4th birth order and above, children whose mothers did not go for prenatal care during their pregnancies, those whose mothers were not assisted during deliveries, children whose mothers did not receive tetanus injection during pregnancies, children whose deliveries were at home and children who were never breastfed
Summary
Infant mortality is the deaths of young children, most especially those who are less than one year of age (Kayode et al, 2012). IMR was an indicator used to monitor progress towards the 4th Goal of the MDGs of the United Nations for the year 2015 It is a target in the SDGs for Goal Number 3 (UNICEF, 2015). King and Zeng (King & Zeng, 2001) noted that IMR is a useful indicator of the level of health or development of a country and is a component of the physical quality of life index. They opined that it reflects the socioeconomic development of a country and it essentially reveals the presence of good medical services in such country
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