Individual enrichment of titanium and iron from low-titanium beach titanomagnetite via preconcentration-reduction roasting and magnetic separation with calcium fluoride

Abstract

Reduction roasting-magnetic separation realizes the separation of titanium and iron in high-titanium beach titanomagnetite. However, the TiO 2 grade in titanium concentrate is low, and few studies have investigated low-titanium beach titanomagnetite. The preconcentration-reduction roasting and magnetic separation process was developed to utilize the low-titanium beach titanomagnetite. The effects of graphite dosage, reduction temperature, calcium fluoride dosage, and time on the product indices were optimized. The direct reduction iron containing 94.95% iron and 0.75% TiO 2 , titanium concentrate assaying 31.10% TiO 2 were produced under optimal conditions, and metal recovery for both products exceeded 80%. Calcium fluoride increased the liquid phase and reduced the viscosity of the slag system, thereby improving the growth of iron particles. However, an excess liquid phase produced by adding more calcium fluoride inhibited the reduction of iron minerals and promoted the formation of low-titanium minerals, which affected the iron recovery and the quality of the titanium concentrate. • The process was proposed for efficient recovery of iron and titanium. • Direct reduction iron and titanium concentrate were produced. • Calcium fluoride reduced the liquidus temperature and viscosity.