Individual and Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) Applying Amino Functionalized Fe3O4@Carbon Microspheres Modified Electrode

Abstract

AbstractAmino‐functionalized Fe3O4@carbon microspheres (NH2−Fe3O4@C) were prepared and the electrochemical sensor was constructed using NH2−Fe3O4@C modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) to determine toxic heavy metals in aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the structure and phase of NH2−Fe3O4@C. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicate that NH2−Fe3O4@C modified GCE possesses large active area and excellent electron transfer. Under optimized electrochemical condition, Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cu(II) were determined using NH2−Fe3O4@C modified GCE. The electrode through amino functionalization exhibits higher sensitivity and lower detection limit toward Cd(II) and Cu(II) due to the acid‐base pairing interaction between the electron‐rich −NH2 ligand and the electron‐deficient heavy metal ions. Compared with other similar results reported in the literature, the NH2−Fe3O4@C modified electrode exhibits wider linear response range while with comparable lower detection limit. It also exhibits excellent stability, reproducibility and anti‐interference ability.