Abstract

Despite the availability of contraceptives, cultural practices and social factors create barriers that prevent women in Ghana from realizing their reproductive health potential. The purpose of the field study was to examine individual and community level factors related to contraceptive access, family planning, and reproductive health challenges among women in Kumasi, Ghana. Specifically, we conducted a field-based comparison of women’s health-related issues in Kumasi and the US to determine areas of similarities and differences. Since our focus was Kumasi in general and the Suntreso Government Hospital in particular, we used convenience sampling. Thus, study results are not generalizable to the entire population of Ghana. Given the short duration of the entire field study (three weeks), and the fact that information on the women’s health areas of focus in Ghana is available in the US, secondary data from various sources were used for the US comparison. Utilizing a cross-sectional, mixed-methods study design, 100 women of reproductive age were surveyed. Results showed that 69.0% of study participants in Kumasi knew where to go to access birth control services but had little desire to use them. Like the study participants in Kumasi, most women in the US also know where to access reproductive health services but are more desirous and interested in using such services. We also found that while cultural norms and gender roles served as primary barriers to family planning and contraceptive access for women in Kumasi, access to health insurance is the barrier in the US. Copyright © 2022 Gibson et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

Highlights

  • 1.1 Statement of the ProblemApproximately 90% of all births in the world occur in developing countries and about one-fifth of those births are unwanted

  • The purpose of the field study was to examine individual and community level factors related to contraceptive access, family planning, and reproductive health challenges among women in Kumasi, Ghana

  • We found that 69.0% of study participants in Kumasi knew where to go to access birth control services but had little desire to use them

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Summary

Statement of the Problem

90% of all births in the world occur in developing countries and about one-fifth of those births are unwanted. To address this issue, some women resort to unsafe abortions. Socio-cultural and economic constraints including religion, cost of services, family perceptions, and cultural beliefs, negatively impact the utilization of modern contraceptives, and reproductive health services by women in Ghana.[3] most women end up experiencing multiple and unintended pregnancies, poor maternal and neonatal health outcomes, and unsafe abortions. The utilization of modern contraceptives and reproductive health services by women in Ghana, remains low.[2]

Objective of the Study
Description of Activities
Setting and Data Collection
Data Analysis
Overall Findings
Demographic Information
Contraceptives
Family Planning and Reproductive Health Challenges
Birth Control and Sociodemographics
Discussion and Implications for Policy and Practice
Strengths and Limitations

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