Individual anatomical variability of the angular parameters of the parietal bones of the cranial vault in mature person

Abstract

Annotation. Given the emergence of new modern methods and systems of instrumental research, modern morphology, in particular craniometry, prefers and is aimed at the study of anatomical structures during life. The purpose of our study is to establish the individual anatomical variability of the angular parameters of the parietal bones of the cranial vault of an adult. The morphometric study was conducted on 82 bone specimens and 48 tomograms. To establish the craniotype and divide the material into groups based on it, the main cranial index was calculated, which is determined by the percentage ratio of the width of the skull to its length. Along with this, the angular parameters on the left and right half of the skull vault, at the transition points of the interosseous seams surrounding the parietal bones, were studied. Variational and statistical analysis was performed with the help of Statistica 13.5.0.17 (trial version) and Microsoft Excel corporate package MS 365. It was established that in all cases the frontal angle exceeds the right angle, which is especially characteristic of mature people with a dolichocephalic head shape. In our opinion, this happens under the influence of an increase in the length and height of the cerebral part of the skull and the vault as a whole in dolihocephals. The anteroinferior (sphenoid) angle has characteristic values less than a right angle, namely, in people with a meso- and dolichocephalic head shape, with the exception of people with a brachycephalic shape, in which the transverse dimensions of the skull and its vault are significantly increased. The posterosuperior (occipital) angle has variable values that exceed an angle of 90°, especially in round-headed people (brachycephals). With brachycephaly, the range of the posteroinferior (mastoid) angle is increased to 150°-151°in men and 138°-146°in women with a gradual decrease in meso- and dolichocephaly. The conducted research showed that the corners of the parietal bone have a certain dependence on the shape and size of the cerebral part of the skull. The obtained results complement the existing data on the angular parameters of the parietal bones of the skull vault and can serve as a reference point and basis for further research with an in-depth study of the intravital morphology of these structures using modern instrumental research methods.