Abstract
In this study, a novel indium tin oxide (ITO)-polyaniline (Pani) biosensor wasdesigned, fabricated, and characterized. Initial testing was conducted for the detection ofbovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). The biosensor design was based upon the specific natureof antibodies to capture the target virus, and the conductive properties of self-doped Pani totranslate the antibody-antigen binding into a quantifying signal. The first part of the study wasto assess the feasibility of the self-doped Pani to be incorporated into the biosensor design byevaluating its several parameters, such as conductivity, physical structure, thermogravimetricproperties, and antibody-binding properties. The second part of the paper highlights thefabrication of the ITO-Pani biosensor to detect the presence of bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV) in pure culture. Although only BVDV culture was tested in this study, the biosensoris versatile for the detection of other pathogen of interest by changing the specificity of theantibodies.
Highlights
For the last 25 years, biosensors based on the conducting polymer polyaniline (Pani) have been investigated to detect numerous types of targets
This observation was confirmed in the subsequent transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis
This study shows the possibility of using indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, coupled with spin-coating mechanism to deposit Pani and antibodies on the biosensor surface, as a new biosensor platform
Summary
For the last 25 years, biosensors based on the conducting polymer polyaniline (Pani) have been investigated to detect numerous types of targets. Sensors 2007, 7 maintain their biological activity [1, 3] This entrapment feature is widely used for direct measurement of antibody-antigen binding [4, 5] and is further investigated in this paper. Polyaniline is extensively researched for its electrical, optical, chemical and electrochemical properties due to its simple synthesis method, stability in air, and potential range of applications [6]. It is the bestknown semiflexible rod conducting polymer system with chemical and structural flexibility surrounding its amine nitrogen linkages for binding with biological materials [7]. It is a challenge to incorporate biological elements in the conventional pH-dependent Pani synthesis due to the acidic environment
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