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Abstract
Abstract The use of micropropagation techniques is crucial for the conservation of endangered moss species and their reestablishment in nature. This study aimed to establish in vitro cultures of gametophyte fragments of ten species of Cerrado mosses. After disinfestation with alcohol and commercial bleach, moss explants were grown in Petri dishes containing Knop medium. The species Bryum argenteum, B. coronatum, Isopterygium tenerifolium, Leucobryum crispum, Pogonatum pensilvanicum, and Vitalia cuspidifera were successively established with efficiency rate ranging from 1 to 31.2%. However, no aseptic cultures were obtained for the species Barbula indica, Bryum densifolium, Fissidens flaccidus, and Sphagnum platyphylloides. Even though, a few contaminated explants of these species were able to develop and grow. Thus, all ten species were submitted to rescue techniques to establish cultures in aseptic conditions, from partially contaminated explants (indirect establishment). Consequently, the indirect establishment resulted in higher percentages of explant development, which enhanced the establishment of in vitro cultures for most of the species tested. This fact is especially important for conservation purposes, mainly for species whose material is sensitive or scarce. Therefore, indirect establishment as a new in vitro culture methodology was a viable form of propagating the bryophyte species listed in this research. This fact is essential for conservation purpose, especially for species whose material is sensitive or scarcer.
Highlights
The Brazilian bryoflora comprises 1,524 species with 11 anthrocerus, 633 hepatic and 880 mosses
The use of hypochlorite in the disinfestation of fragments of bryophyte gametophytes has been shown to vary with the species, and with other parameters, according Sabovljević et al (2003)
It was shown that disinfestation of Bryum argenteum explants achieved the highest efficiency when concentrations of 5% were used (Liang et al 2010)
Summary
The Brazilian bryoflora comprises 1,524 species with 11 anthrocerus, 633 hepatic and 880 mosses. There are 478 cataloged bryophyte species in the Cerrado, from which 63 classified as endemic (Costa & Peralta 2015). The Brazilian Cerrado is a tropical savanna and has been considered a hotspot for conservation because of its immense biodiversity and an enormous anthropic pressure (Myers et al 2000). It is important to register that this tropical savanna has been severely threatened by agriculture, disorderly urbanization and tourism, which have a negative impact on its flora, and, on native bryophytes (Söderström 2006). The improvement and implementation of specific strategies to ensure the long-term conservation of Cerrado bryophytes is of paramount importance (Costa et al 2016; Söderström 2006)
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