Abstract
This chapter presents the dynamics leading to the emergence of the contemporary indigenous movement in Mexico and shaping its trajectory. It discusses the impact of the corporatist system and its ideology of mestizaje on the type of peasant organizations that were formed in the post-revolutionary period. Then it analyzes the factors and events that led to the creation of autonomous organizations and a greater articulation of recognition and redistribution demands. The chapter explains how these dynamics led to an intense period of mobilization of the indigenous movement with the emergence of different forms of organizations and new discourses. Special attention is given to the Zapatista movement and its impact on the indigenous movement, and furthermore, on the efforts to redefine state–society relations in Mexico.
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