Abstract
Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) have been used to directly evaluate muscle function through the electromechanical aspect of muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to establish new absolute indices to describe muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise by combining EMG and displacement MMG (dMMG) measured simultaneously using our previously developed MMG/EMG hybrid transducer system. Study participants were eight healthy male non-athletes (controls) and eight male athletes. EMG and dMMG of the vastus medialis were measured for 30 s during four cycles of recumbent bicycle pedaling (30, 60, 90, and 120 W) and on passive joint movement. Total powers were calculated based on the time domain waveforms of both signals. Muscle contraction performance was verified with the slope of regression line (SRL) and the residual sum of squares (RSS) obtained from EMG and dMMG correlation. EMG and dMMG has increased with the work rate. Force and EMG were similar between groups, but dMMG showed a significant difference with load increase. Athletes had significantly higher SRL and significantly lower RSS than controls. The average value divided by SRL and RSS was higher in athletes than in controls. The indices presented by the combined approach of EMG and dMMG showed a clear contrast between the investigated groups and may be parameters that reflect muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise.
Highlights
Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) have been used to directly evaluate muscle function through the electromechanical aspect of muscle contraction
Assuming that the contribution of vastus medialis (VM) to pedaling is equal in all subjects, it is a reasonable result that there was no difference between the two groups regarding EMGTD, which is the input signal for muscle contraction
Akataki et al reported that the MMG of the quadriceps femoris measured by an accelerometer in isometric contraction correlates with muscle strength at 10–80% MVC and shows a decreasing tendency thereafter[27]
Summary
Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) have been used to directly evaluate muscle function through the electromechanical aspect of muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to establish new absolute indices to describe muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise by combining EMG and displacement MMG (dMMG) measured simultaneously using our previously developed MMG/EMG hybrid transducer system. The indices presented by the combined approach of EMG and dMMG showed a clear contrast between the investigated groups and may be parameters that reflect muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise. We hypothesized that the evaluation of muscle function using a combined approach with EMG and MMG reflects muscle contraction performance during dynamic exercise, highlighting individual differences in athletic ability, even among healthy subjects. The purpose of this study was to provide a unique and new evaluation index that reflects muscle contraction performance through a combined approach using EMG and MMG measured during exercise. The combined evaluation of EMG and MMG to objectively quantify muscle performance during dynamic exercise is simple and desirable in sports and rehabilitation and has the potential to be useful exercise-based training and treatment strategies planning
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