Indicators of cardiovascular system in persons of mature age depending on a body constitution under adverse ecological conditions

Abstract

Human health and its optimal functional state depend on the efficiency of the body’s regulatory systems that respond to changes in a complex of exogenous and endogenous factors, ensuring timely adaptation to changing living conditions. However, natural factors, which largely determined the direction of evolution of the human body, are increasingly receding into the background, giving way to anthropogenic factors, including working conditions. That is why the aim of the scientific article was to study the state of the cardio-respiratory system in workers who are involved in various production processes, depending on their body constitution. The study of central and cerebral hemodynamics was conducted on men aged 21-35 years (90 people in total), which were divided into 3 groups, 30 persons in each: involved in industrial production, agricultural workers and residents of relatively environmentally friendly areas of Volyn region. At the first stage of the study, absolute anthropometric indicators (age, height, weight, chest circumference) were measured and the integrated indicator (Pignet index) was calculated. The next stage of the study involved functional diagnostics of the cardiovascular system of the subjects using functional ECG techniques, Kubicek rheography and rheoencephalography. Registration and analysis of relevant indicators was carried out using a set of hardware and software survey methods “Askold” (Kyiv, 1997). Statistical analysis of intergroup differences was performed using Student’s t-test and Man-Whitney U-test, the level of relationship between the individual parameters was assessed by the Pearson method. It is proved that the anthropometric indicators of persons exposed to chronic exposure to harmful production factors do not differ in the group of persons involved in industrial production and in agriculture. It is shown that in subjects who are exposed to negative factors of the production environment for a long time (both during the production of agricultural products and in an industrial enterprise) there are compensatory changes in central hemodynamics (stroke volume and myocardial capacity) compared with the control group persons from ecologically clean areas of Volyn region. Employees of the industrial enterprise showed signs of deterioration of the amplitude-time characteristics of cerebral blood flow in both hemispheres, as evidenced by indicators of rapid filling time, rheographic coefficient and average blood flow velocity. These parameters differ from similar parameters of agricultural workers and residents of relatively environmentally friendly regions. Thus, the identified features of the indicators in the groups of subjects exposed to chronic exposure to negative factors of the production environment, indicate the functional nature of the identified changes that are compensatory in nature.