Abstract
Researchers are increasingly interested in the affect dynamics of individuals for describing and explaining personality and psychopathology. Recently, the incremental validity of more complex indicators of affect dynamics (IADs; e.g. autoregression) has been called into question (Dejonckheere et al., 2019), with evidence accumulating that these might convey little unique information beyond mean level and general variability of emotions. Our study extends the evidence for the construct validity of IADs by investigating their redundancy and uniqueness, split–half reliability based on indices from odd–numbered and even–numbered days, and association with big five personality traits. We used three diverse samples that assessed daily and momentary emotions, including community participants, individuals with personality pathology, and their significant others (total N = 1192, total number of occasions = 51 278). Mean and variability of affects had high reliability and distinct nomological patterns to big five personality traits. In contrast, more complex IADs exhibited substantial redundancies with mean level and general variability of emotions. When partialing out these redundancies by using residual variables, some of the more complex IADs had acceptable reliability, but only a few of these showed incremental associations with big five personality traits, indicating that IADs have limited validity using the current assessment practices. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology
Highlights
Major personality models include emotions as part of personality along with motivations, cognitions, and behavioral dispositions (Carver, Sutton, & Scheier, 2000)
The current study extends the body of evidence by providing a comprehensive analysis of their structure, split-half reliability, and association with personality traits
Our analyses indicate that additional redundancies may exist beyond of that, as was exemplified by principal components that summarized additional common variance between indicators of affect dynamics (IADs) related to emotion differentiation (i.e. r) and temporal effects
Summary
Major personality models include emotions as part of personality along with motivations, cognitions, and behavioral dispositions (Carver, Sutton, & Scheier, 2000). Jahng, Wood, & Trull, 2008; Mestdagh et al, 2018) and possibly conceptual overlap These redundancies have to be considered when criterion validity is evaluated, because associations found between IADs and other relevant. The individual SD is generally referred to as emotional variability, with past research indicating that it might be a stable and substantive trait even when controlling for its overlap with the mean (Eid & Diener, 1999). Several statistics capture types of emotion differentiation, defined as the degree to which individuals report distinct emotional states. Big five personality traits are especially important to consider for tests of criterion validity, as those provide an established framework for capturing major psychological differences between individuals.
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