Abstract
A formal village/neighbourhood planning process is typically focused on three planning levels (national, regional and local) and is usually linked with administrative units of the territory (state, region or municipality). The local planning level (village or neighbourhood) “pocket plan” is a development challenge for spatial planners. The small coastal village Tuja in Latvia was taken as a pilot territory for “pocket planning” due to the unique location; biodiversity and ecosystems; significant natural, cultural, economic and social values; specific interests; and the needs of the involved local society. All these factors create a dynamic flow of data and information. Geographic information systems (GIS) are widely used as planning support systems. GISs for pocket plans must accommodate the special needs of communities in villages and neighbourhoods. Ensuring the availability of information in dynamic real time is an opportunity to build both community integration in specific environments and to understand the future plans of the territory. Access to a WEB-GIS (internet GIS) provides possibilities for every person with a mobile phone to use and update information. Static and statistical information is generally used for spatial planning. For pocket plans, the data and information flow has to be dynamic and has to interact with non-professional users. The special wishes and needs of every member of a community must be accommodated by a pocket plan for the well-being of the people and the sustainability of the surrounding territory. Small territory planning involves a very narrow circle of individuals or communities that identify spatial development needs for the future, which includes the socio-economic, cultural, historical, environmental and climate change scenarios. In order to assess the development opportunities and needs of such areas, the detection, accumulation and monitoring of reliable data is necessary. Methodically derived data (facts) provide objectivity and transparency. Currently, as information between the present and the past is able to circulate very fast, analysis of the current situation to forecast the future and show different constructed realities (scenarios) using a GIS is necessary. Therefore, to explore and determine a local needs-based and smart spatial planning approach, we must identify indicators that can be used for the short-term and long-term analysis of specific territories in coastal areas.
Highlights
Sea Region in the context of using a geographic information system (GIS) as well as to highlight the topicality for the smart and sustainable development of a local needs-based planning approach in coastal areas
The in-depth investigation of local needs-based planning approaches will be provided in further research of the indicator analysis tool for new, informed, and objective decisions and vivid solutions in village and neighbourhood territory planning
To approach the objective of the present research, we developed two indicator groups influencing the smart development of coastal villages or neighbourhoods
Summary
Sea Region in the context of using a geographic information system (GIS) as well as to highlight the topicality for the smart and sustainable development of a local needs-based planning approach in coastal areas. The authors emphasize that the local territory described in this research represents a demarcated territory, such as a village or a neighbourhood of a coastal city or town, and includes the community that lives in this territory. The object of the research are villages and neighbourhoods in the Baltic Sea coastal areas, which are considered as territorial communities. The in-depth investigation of local needs-based planning approaches will be provided in further research of the indicator analysis tool for new, informed, and objective decisions and vivid solutions in village and neighbourhood territory planning
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