Indications and visual outcome following penetrating keratoplasty at tertiary health-care institution

Abstract

Context: Success rate after keratoplasty is dependent on recipients' anterior segment status and donors' corneal parameters. Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate indications and visual outcome. Settings and Design: Prospective interventional. Patients and Methods: The present study recruited 30 eyes and donor cornea graded by slit -lamp microscope. Patients followed up at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months for visual acuity (VA) and graft survival. Quality of life (QOL) was evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale. Primary outcome measures were VA and graft clarity and secondary outcome was QOL. Statistical significance considered at or Statistical Analysis: SPSS software version 20. Results: Mean age of 55.5 (±17.06 standard deviation) years ranging from 17 to 86 was enrolled. Optical keratoplasty executed in 23 (76.66%) and therapeutic in 7 (23.33%) eyes. Pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK) was diagnosed in 33.33%, recalcitrant corneal ulcer in 23.33%, corneal opacities in 20%, and previous graft failures in 20%. Grade A corneas transplanted in 93.2% of eyes. Phi and Cramer's V test showed 0.404 each between variables for vascularization and graft survival. Wilcoxon test for QOL showed P and Z values of 0.001 and − 3.247. Conclusions: PBK was the most common indication with satisfactory vision as well for recalcitrant corneal ulcers with statistical significant QOL. Vascularisation was the high risk factor for graft failure. PBK and keratoconus showed 100% survival rates at 12 and 18 months. At 18 months, graft survival rate was 60% and 93%, respectively, in patients with and without vascularization.