Abstract
Indian jujuba seed powder (IJSP) has been investigated as a low-cost and an eco-friendly biosorbent, prepared for the removal of Acid Blue 25 (AB25) from aqueous solution. The prepared biomaterial was characterized by using FTIR and scanning electron microscopic studies. The effect of operation variables, such as IJSP dosage, contact time, concentration, pH, and temperature on the removal of AB25 was investigated, using batch biosorption technique. Removal efficiency increased with increase of IJSP dosage but decreased with increase of temperature. The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherm models. The data fitted well with the Langmuir model with a maximum biosorption capacity of 54.95 mg g−1. The pseudo-second-order kinetics was the best for the biosorption of AB25 by IJSP, with good correlation. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy change (ΔG 0), standard enthalpy changes (ΔH 0), and standard entropy changes (ΔS 0) were analyzed. The removal of AB25 from aqueous solution by IJSP was a spontaneous and exothermic adsorption process. The results suggest that IJSP is a potential low-cost and an eco-friendly biosorbent for the AB25 removal from synthetic AB25 wastewater.
Highlights
Many industries including textiles, printing, and paper and dye houses make use of dyes extensively
Experimental results indicated that adsorption of Acid Blue 25 (AB25) gets decreased from high of 76.52 to 53.86% for the initial concentration of 50 mg L−1, when the temperature rises from 35 to 65∘C
This may be due to the decrease in the surface activity which suggests that the process of adsorption between AB25 and Indian jujuba seed powder (IJSP) is exothermic in nature
Summary
Many industries including textiles, printing, and paper and dye houses make use of dyes extensively. A practical problem, involving use of dyes, is the discharge of wastewater, containing dye, into the natural rivers, streams, and channels from these industries like textile, paper, leather, and distillery [1]. Dyes have an effect on the aquatic life and on the food web, even if present in low concentrations. The indiscriminate discharge of the wastewater causes damage to the environment, as the dyes contained in it are having low biodegradability and they are carcinogenic in nature and are toxic to the aquatic as well as human life [3]. One of the effects of discharge of colored wastewater is on its interference with transmission of sunlight into streams, thereby reducing the photosynthetic activity of aquatic life, besides affecting the aesthetic nature. Most dyes are very stable to activities like photo degradation and biodegradation or the effects of oxidizing agents [4, 5]
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