Indian gooseberry and barley sprout mixture prevents obesity by regulating adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis in C57BL/6J mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity

Abstract

• A mixture of Emblica officinalis and Hordeum vulgare L. inhibited the lipid synthesis mechanism. • A mixture of Emblica officinalis and Hordeum vulgare L. promoted the lipolysis mechanism. • Ellagic acid and saponarin, which are anti-obesity active components, were detected in the mixture of Emblica officinalis and Hordeum vulgare L. • A mixture of Emblica officinalis and Hordeum vulgare L. regulated the blood biomarkers of obesity-related diabetes. This study aimed at evaluating whether Indian gooseberry (IG), barley sprout (BP), and their mixture (IGBP) could prevent obesity in vivo and be used as an anti-obesity functional food. We confirmed the detection of ellagic acid and saponarin, which are anti-obesity active components, through HPLC analysis of IGBP. C57BL/6J mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet supplemented with IGBP for 15 weeks, and then various analyzes (micro-CT imaging, blood analysis, H&E staining, and western blot) were performed. The IGBP mixture reduced the weight gain, WAT weight, serum lipid levels, as well as the systemic, subcutaneous, and visceral WAT adipose mass and lipid size in high-fat diet-induced mice. In addition, we found that the IGBP mixture inhibited the lipid synthesis, promoted the lipolysis, and modulated energy metabolism and diabetes-related blood markers. Therefore, IGBP mixture might potentially control the obesity and obesity-related diabetes, might be a useful as a functional food.