Abstract
In 1947, the international border between Pakistan and India was created by the partitioning of the subcontinent. The newly created Pakistan consisted of two land blocks, one to the west and the other to the east. The Bengal province was divided between East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and India what resulted in a poorly defined border between the two nations. The dispute over the ownership of many villages near the border was started as both countries claimed their sovereignty over them. There were 190 disputed enclaves to the India Bangladesh Border (IBB) what worsened the dispute of the border demarcation. In 1971, East Pakistan got independence as a new state named Bangladesh through a 9-month long liberation war and India joined this war physically against Pakistan. The “honeymoon period” of bilateral relations between newly created Bangladesh and India did not continue for long. There are many common issues between the two neighbors that disturbed the bilateral relations such as border killing and other security issues related to the border, and the sharing of 54 common river’s water. Odhikar, Bangladesh-based human rights organization, reported that from 2000 to 2010, India’s Border Security Force (BSF) killed at least 924 Bangladeshi nationals. MASUM, a Non-governmental Organization (NGO) has mentioned many cases only in West Bengal, a state of India. This paper tries to analyze why the IBB is violent and concludes with a recommendation that how to ensure border security. Data has been used for this study from both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources including newspapers, periodicals, and official statistics of Indian and Bangladesh governments as well as NGOs both national and international are studied. In terms of secondary sources, this paper examines academic books and book chapters, publications in scientific journals, and articles published on the topic. This paper preferred realism to explain the nature of the security issues of the IBB. The main argument of this paper is the IBB is the bloodiest in the world. To improve border security conditions the study suggests that India should act like a neighbor, not a big brother, and work with Bangladesh together.
 
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Highlights
1.1 Background of the Study Bangladesh and India share a total of 4,095 kilometers international border (HRW, 9 December 2010) including 1,116 km riverine and 2,979 km land border (The News Minute, 25 February 2015)
The India Bangladesh Border (IBB) has witnessed occasional clashes between the Border Security Force (BSF) and the Bangladesh Rifles (BDR)iii when the fence was built beyond the no man’s land most notably in 2001.iv New Delhi argues that it fenced on Bangladesh borders only to prevent illegal migration but Bangladesh always opposes this allegation
Some decisions made at the meet include: both sides agreed to reduce the cases of Bangladeshi nationals being imprisoned by BSF to zero figure through educating people to abide by all international regulations relating to cross-border movement; India guaranteed Bangladesh that it will provide information immediately if they get any information on militancy; India assured Bangladesh to cooperate it in stopping crossborder drug smuggling
Summary
1.1 Background of the Study Bangladesh and India share a total of 4,095 kilometers (km) international border (HRW, 9 December 2010) including 1,116 km riverine and 2,979 km land border (The News Minute, 25 February 2015). When we discuss the security issues of the IBB there are many issues that come forward such as border killing and torture by the BSF; cow trading, human trafficking, smuggling, illegal migration (alleged), and terrorist activities (alleged), etc. It is estimated that on the West Bengal border alone there are 68 corridors and 149 sensitive villages that have been using for smuggling (Mishra, Time of India, 3 October 2008) On both sides of the IBB area, people are really so poor and they are convinced to traffic anything for a little amount of money. Iv In 2001, Indian and Bangladeshi border guards exchanged fire at a frontier outpost as a result 18 soldiers (16 from BSF and 2 from BDR) were killed. The main aims of Dhaka are to control the smuggling of weapons, explosives, and narcotic substances, including phensedyl, a cough syrup that is banned in Bangladesh but generally used as a “recreational” drug (Times of India, 12 March 2010)
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