Abstract

Environmental exposures and emergencies are occurring more frequently owing to a greater interest in outdoor activities, and especially because of the public's interest in more extreme and challenging endeavors. The emergency physician should have current information relevant to potential environmental emergencies and how to handle them and should know where to obtain additional information on these areas. For a complete review of environmental topics relevant to emergency medicine, the following text is recommended: “Management of Wilderness and Environmental Emergencies, ed 2.” edited by colleagues in our specialty; Paul S. Auerbach and Edward C. Geehr.This article focuses on pearls and pitfalls of high-altitude sickness, decompression sickness, and barotrauma; new findings relevant to the near-drowning patient; continued controversies on hyperbaric oxygen for carbon monoxide poisoning; pitfalls in hypothermia management; and updates on the management of venomous snakebites.

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